Current Issue : July - September Volume : 2018 Issue Number : 3 Articles : 5 Articles
The aim of this study was to determine the morphometric values of the skull and the\nmandible of the common opossum from the Caribbean island of Trinidad and Tobago. The skulls\nand mandibles were obtained from ten opossums captured for research purposes. The skulls and\nmandibles were prepared and cleaned using standard method. Some anatomical landmarks of the\nskulls and mandibles were identified and measured. The results were important for identification\nof the common opossum via comparison and discussion of our results with that of other marsupial\nspecies. Furthermore, the results had clinical importance with regard to regional nerve blocks of the\ninfraorbital, inferior alveolar, and mental nerves for dental extraction and head surgery. This study\nconcluded that by using the anatomical landmarks of the infraorbital and mental foramina it will be\neasier for the veterinarian surgeons during the application of local anesthetic agent for the infraorbital,\ninferior alveolar, and mental nerve blocks....
Tick populations are controlled through the application of chemical pesticides. However,\nthe rise in chemical resistance has prompted the investigation of other control methods such as the\nuse of tick vaccines. Proteomic analysis provides valuable information about the possible function\nand localization of proteins, as candidate vaccine proteins are often either secreted or localized\non the cell-surface membrane. Progress in the utilization of proteomics for the identification of\nnovel treatment targets has been significant. However, their use in tick-specific investigations is still\nquite novel, with the continual development of tick-specific methodologies essential. In this study,\nan innovative sample preparation method was utilized to isolate epithelial cells from tick midguts to\nidentify the membrane-bound proteins. Proteomic analysis was conducted comparing crude and\ninnovative sample preparation methods with 692 and 1242 tick-specific proteins, 108 and 314 surface\nproteins respectively, isolated from the midguts of semi-engorged Rhipicephalus microplus adult female\nticks. This research reports a novel preparation protocol for the analysis of tick midgut proteins which\nreduces host protein contamination....
Bovine anaplasmosis is endemic in South Africa and it has a negative economic impact\non cattle farming. An improved understanding of Anaplasma marginale and Anaplasma marginale\nvariety centrale (A. centrale) transmission, together with improved tools for pathogen detection\nand characterisation, are required to inform best management practices. Direct detection methods\ncurrently in use for A. marginale and A. centrale in South Africa are light microscopic examination\nof tissue and organ smears, conventional, nested, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain\nreaction (qPCR) assays, and a reverse line blot hybridisation assay. Of these, qPCR is the most\nsensitive for detection of A. marginale and A. centrale in South Africa. Serological assays also feature\nin routine diagnostics, but cross-reactions prevent accurate species identification. Recently, genetic\ncharacterisation has confirmed that A. marginale and A. centrale are separate species. Diversity\nstudies targeting Msp1a repeats for A. marginale and Msp1aS repeats for A. centrale have revealed\nhigh genetic variation and point to correspondingly high levels of variation in A. marginale outer\nmembrane proteins (OMPs), which have been shown to be potential vaccine candidates in North\nAmerican studies. Information on these OMPs is lacking for South African A. marginale strains and\nshould be considered in future recombinant vaccine development studies, ultimately informing the\ndevelopment of regional or global vaccines....
Trueperella pyogenes was isolated froma dog and a cat with a mixed infection with Brucella abortus. Both lived on a dairy cattle farm\nwith a history of regular cases of abortion andmastitis. Identification of the bacteria was done by means of MALDI-TOFMS, loopmediated\nis o thermal amplification (LAMP) based on cpn60, partial 16S rRNA sequencing, and growth on Loeffler Serum Medium.\nIsolation of Trueperella pyogenes on the dairy farm highlights its neglected role in reproduction failure and draws attention to its\neffects in the dairy industry in Egypt. Diagnosis and control of abortion in Egypt should include Trueperella pyogenes as one of\npossible causes of abortion....
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